I-nitrogen oxides (NOx) iwukungcola okuyingozi okukhiqizwa ukushiswa kwamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi ezimotweni nasezinqubweni zezimboni.Lezi zinto ezingcolisayo zingaphazamisa impilo yomuntu kanye nemvelo, zibangele izinkinga zokuphefumula kanye nokwakheka kwentuthu.Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-nitrogen oxide, izimoto eziningi nemishini yezimboni ifakwe izinzwa ze-nitrogen oxide ukuze ziqaphe futhi zilawule lezi zinto ezingcolile eziyingozi.
Izinzwa ze-nitrogen oxide ziyingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zesimanje zokulawula ukungcola njengoba zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izimoto nemishini yezimboni isebenza ngaphakathi kwemingcele yokulawula.Lezi zinzwa zisebenza ngokuthola ukugcwala kwama-nitrogen oxide ku-exhaust futhi zinikeze impendulo kusistimu yokulawula injini, ukuyivumela ukuthi yenze izinguquko ukuze ithuthukise ukusha nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-nitrogen oxide.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezinzwa ze-NOx, ezihlanganisa izinzwa ze-chemiluminescence nezinzwa ze-electrochemical.Izinzwa ze-Chemiluminescence zisebenza ngokulinganisa ukukhanya okuphuma ngesikhathi sokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwama-nitrogen oxide namagesi asebenzayo, kuyilapho izinzwa ze-electrochemical zisebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukukhiqiza isignali kagesi elingana nokugxiliswa kwe-nitrogen oxide.
Enye yezinselelo ezibalulekile ekuklameni izinzwa ze-NOx iqinisekisa ukunemba nokuthembeka kwazo ekutholeni amazinga aphansi e-NOx kumagesi akhipha umoya ayinkimbinkimbi.Ukwengeza, izinzwa kumele zikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo ezinzima ezitholakala ohlelweni lwe-exhaust, okuzenza zibe yingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokulawula ukungcola.
Eminyakeni yamuva, intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bezinzwa iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezinzwa ze-NOx ezithuthuke kakhulu nezibucayi.Isibonelo, ezinye izinzwa manje zifaka phakathi ama-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts, anganciphisa ngokukhetha ama-nitrogen oxides abe yinitrogen namanzi kusetshenziswa izinto ezinciphisayo ezifana ne-ammonia.Lokhu kuvumela ukulawula okunembe kakhudlwana kokukhishwa kwe-NOx, ikakhulukazi ezinjinini zikadizili, ezaziwa ngokukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu e-NOx.
Ukwengeza, ukwethulwa kwezidingo ze-car onboard diagnostics (OBD) kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-NOx.Lezi zinzwa manje seziyakwazi ukunikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela kusistimu yemoto ye-OBD, okuvumela ukugadwa okunembe kakhudlwana nokubikwa kokukhishwa kwe-NOx.Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ithobelana namazinga okukhishwa kwekhabhoni futhi kusiza ukukhomba noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngesistimu yokulawula ukungcola.
Njengoba ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke beqhubeka nokuqinisa imithetho ekukhishweni kwe-NOx, isidingo sezinzwa ezithembekile nezinembile ze-NOx kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule.Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwandeni kocwaningo nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bezinzwa ngokugxila ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwezinzwa, ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
Sengiphetha, izinzwa ze-NOx zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni ukukhishwa okuyingozi kwezimoto nemishini yezimboni.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa buthuthuka, lezi zinzwa ziba nembe kakhudlwana, zithembeke futhi zibe yinkimbinkimbi, okuvumela ukulawula okungcono nokuqapha ukukhishwa kwe-NOx.Njengoba ukubaluleka kokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-NOx kuqhubeka nokwanda, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa ezithuthukisiwe ze-NOx kuzosiza ukufeza ikhwalithi yomoya ehlanzekile, enempilo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-09-2023